In the first part of the publication, the authors define the term dyslexia, and address its neurobiological basis, occurrence, causes and individual specific disorders. The following chapters present the results of a research project focusing on dyslexic school children, their parents, teachers and schoolmates. They analyze the views of the problems arising from dyslexia, the degree of awareness and self-evaluation. The text is supplemented by a number of graphs and charts; the final summary is followed by practical recommendations.